References

Full academic and scientific references cited across this platform

📚 Empirical & Clinical Literature

  1. 1.Buccini, A. F. (n.d.). Cé a bhog mo cháis? The Celtic Origins of Early Irish Cheese-making. Arrow@TU Dublin.
  2. 2.Emanuelsson, M. (n.d.). Shieling or Something Else? Landskapsarkeologi.
  3. 3.Quine, G. (n.d.). A reconsideration of the evidence of the shieling in the Kingdom of Man and the Isles, with particular reference. Durham E-Theses.
  4. 4.Smyth, J., & Evershed, R. P. (2015). Milking the megafauna: Using organic residue analysis to understand early farming practice. Environmental Archaeology, 21(3), 214229. https://doi.org/10.1179/1749631414y.0000000045
  5. 5.Towers, J., Mainland, I., Montgomery, J., & Bond, J. (2016). Calving seasonality at Pool, Orkney during the first millennium AD. Environmental Archaeology, 22(1), 4055. https://doi.org/10.1080/14614103.2015.1116214
  6. 6.Berk, M., et al. (2013). N-acetyl cysteine as a glutathione precursor in psychiatry: A review of therapeutic evidence. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 74(1), 5869. https://doi.org/10.4088/JCP.12r0789X
  7. 7.Boyle, N. B., Lawton, C., & Dye, L. (2017). The effects of magnesium supplementation on subjective anxiety and stress. Nutrients, 9(5), 429. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu9050429
  8. 8.Calder, P. C. (2020). Nutrition, immunity and COVID-19. BMJ Nutrition, Prevention & Health, 3(1), 7492. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjnph-2020-000085
  9. 9.Docherty, S., et al. (2025). Standardized Hericium erinaceus extract combined with folate metabolites for acute cognitive and stress management. Journal of Functional Foods, 114, Article 106028.
  10. 10.Federico, A., Morgillo, F., Tuccillo, C., Ciardiello, F., & Loguercio, C. (2017). Silymarin/silybin and chronic liver disease: A marriage of many years. Molecules, 22(2), 191. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules22020191
  11. 11.Holick, M. F., et al. (2015). A comparison of the efficacy of a buccal vitamin D3 spray versus oral D3 drops. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 100(4), 16221629. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2014-4166
  12. 12.Hurrell, R., & Egli, I. (2010). Iron bioavailability and dietary reference values. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 91(5), 1461S1467S. https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.2010.28674F
  13. 13.Kojecký, V., et al. (2025). Buccal nanoemulsion of vitamin D in the management of inflammatory bowel disease. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 40(2), 122130.
  14. 14.Maulana, R. (2025). Synergistic effects of vitamin D3, K2, and magnesium bisglycinate in inflammatory modulation. Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, 125, Article 109633.
  15. 15.Mazokopakis, E. E., et al. (2023). Effects of vitamin D3 supplementation on serum homocysteine in patients with cardiovascular risk. BMC Cardiovascular Disorders, 23(1), Article 203.
  16. 16.Nishida, Y., et al. (2011). Effect of astaxanthin supplementation on oxidative stress in healthy subjects. Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition, 49(1), 2227.
  17. 17.O'Neil, C. E., Keast, D. R., Fulgoni, V. L., & Nicklas, T. A. (2012). Nutrient intake, diet quality, and weight/adiposity parameters in organ meat consumers. Nutrients, 4(12), 17001711. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu4121700
  18. 18.Papakostas, G. I., et al. (2012). S-adenosyl methionine (SAMe) augmentation of serotonin reuptake inhibitors for antidepressant nonresponders. American Journal of Psychiatry, 169(11), 11801189.
  19. 19.Pludowski, P., et al. (2018). Vitamin D supplementation: A review of current guidelines and delivery systems. Nutrients, 10(3), 351. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10030351
  20. 20.Pradhan, S. C., & Girish, C. (2006). Hepatoprotective herbal drug, silymarin from experimental pharmacology to clinical medicine. Indian Journal of Medical Research, 124(5), 491504.
  21. 21.Rodriguez-Mateos, A., Heiss, C., Borges, G., & Crozier, A. (2014). Berry (poly)phenols and cardiovascular health. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 62(18), 38423851. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf403757g
  22. 22.Rodríguez-Leyva, D., Dupasquier, C. M., McCullough, R., & Pierce, G. N. (2010). The cardiovascular effects of flaxseed and its omega-3 fatty acid, alpha-linolenic acid. American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology, 298(2), H208H217. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00733.2009
  23. 23.Rushworth, G. F., & Megson, I. L. (2014). Existing and potential therapeutic uses for N-acetylcysteine. Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 141, 150159.
  24. 24.Saitsu, Y., et al. (2019). Improvement of cognitive functions by Hericium erinaceus. Biomedical Research, 40(4), 125131. https://doi.org/10.2220/biomedres.40.125
  25. 25.Schuster, K., et al. (2025). Magnesium bisglycinate: Comparative bioavailability and synergistic metabolic effects. Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology, 88, Article 127654.
  26. 26.Shoba, G., et al. (1998). Influence of piperine on the pharmacokinetics of curcumin in animals and human volunteers. Planta Medica, 64(04), 353356. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-1998-25155
  27. 27.Thondre, P. S., & Henry, C. J. K. (2011). High-molecular-weight barley β-glucan in chappatis: Effects on glycemic response and satiety. British Journal of Nutrition, 106(5), 740748. https://doi.org/10.1017/S000711451100093X
  28. 28.Vigna, L., et al. (2025). Vitamin D and K2 synergy in the regulation of inflammatory and calcium pathways. Nutrients, 17(3), 442.

💊 Supplementation

  1. 1.Abenavoli, L., Capasso, R., Milic, N., & Capasso, F. (2018). Milk thistle in liver diseases: Past, present, future. Phytotherapy Research, 24(10), 14231432. https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.3207
  2. 2.Ambati, R. R., Phang, S. M., Ravi, S., & Aswathanarayana, R. G. (2014). Astaxanthin: Sources, extraction, stability, biological activities and its commercial applications a review. Marine Drugs, 12(1), 128152. https://doi.org/10.3390/md12010128
  3. 3.Heijmans, B. T., Tobi, E. W., Stein, A. D., Putter, H., Blauw, G. J., Susser, E. S., Slagboom, P. E., & Lumey, L. H. (2008). Persistent epigenetic differences associated with prenatal exposure to famine in humans. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 105(44), 1704617049. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0806560105
  4. 4.Ilie, P. C., Stefanescu, S., & Smith, L. (2020). The role of vitamin D in the prevention of coronavirus disease 2019 infection and mortality. Aging Clinical and Experimental Research, 32(7), 11951198. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-020-01570-8
  5. 5.Mori, K., Inatomi, S., Ouchi, K., Azumi, Y., & Tuchida, T. (2009). Improving effects of the mushroom Yamabushitake (Hericium erinaceus) on mild cognitive impairment: A double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial. Phytotherapy Research, 23(3), 367372. https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.2634
  6. 6.Zafarullah, M., Li, W. Q., Sylvester, J., & Ahmad, M. (2003). Molecular mechanisms of N-acetylcysteine actions. Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences, 60(1), 620. https://doi.org/10.1007/s000180300001

🧠 Psychoneuroimmunology & Stress

  1. 1.Ader, R., & Cohen, N. (1975). Behaviorally conditioned immunosuppression. Psychosomatic Medicine, 37(4), 333340. https://doi.org/10.1097/00006842-197507000-00007
  2. 2.Dantzer, R., O'Connor, J. C., Freund, G. G., Johnson, R. W., & Kelley, K. W. (2008). From inflammation to sickness and depression: When the immune system subjugates the brain. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 9(1), 4656. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn2297
  3. 3.Sternberg, E. M. (2001). The Balance Within: The Science Connecting Health and Emotions. W. H. Freeman.

🧬 Genetics & MC1R

  1. 1.Mogil, J. S., Wilson, S. G., Chesler, E. J., Rankin, A. L., Nemmani, K. V. S., Lariviere, W. R., Groce, M. K., Wallace, M. R., Kaplan, L., Staud, R., Ness, T. J., Glover, T. L., Stankova, M., Mayorov, A., Hruby, V. J., Grisel, J. E., & Fillingim, R. B. (2003). The melanocortin-1 receptor gene mediates female-specific mechanisms of analgesia in mice and humans. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 100(8), 48674872. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0730053100
  2. 2.Valverde, P., Healy, E., Jackson, I., Rees, J. L., & Thody, A. J. (1995). Variants of the melanocyte-stimulating hormone receptor gene are associated with red hair and fair skin in humans. Nature Genetics, 11(3), 328330. https://doi.org/10.1038/ng1195-328
  3. 3.Liem, E. B., Joiner, T. V., Tsueda, K., & Sessler, D. I. (2005). Increased sensitivity to thermal pain and reduced subcutaneous lidocaine efficacy in redheads. Anesthesiology, 102(3), 509514. https://doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200503000-00006

🧬 Epigenetics & Famine

  1. 1.Heijmans, B. T., Tobi, E. W., Stein, A. D., Putter, H., Blauw, G. J., Susser, E. S., Slagboom, P. E., & Lumey, L. H. (2008). Persistent epigenetic differences associated with prenatal exposure to famine in humans. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 105(44), 1704617049. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0806560105
  2. 2.Lumey, L. H., Stein, A. D., & Susser, E. (2011). Prenatal famine and adult health. Annual Review of Public Health, 32, 237262. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-publhealth-031210-101230

☘️ Cultural Identity & Ancestral Lineage

  1. 1.Hirsch, M. (2012). The Generation of Postmemory: Writing and Visual Culture After the Holocaust. Columbia University Press.
  2. 2.Kirmayer, L. J., Dandeneau, S., Marshall, E., Phillips, M. K., & Williamson, K. J. (2011). Rethinking resilience from indigenous perspectives. The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 56(2), 8491. https://doi.org/10.1177/070674371105600203
  3. 3.Oyserman, D., Fryberg, S. A., & Yoder, N. (2007). Identity-based motivation and health. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 93(6), 10111027. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.93.6.1011
  4. 4.Yehuda, R., & Lehrner, A. (2018). Intergenerational transmission of trauma effects: Putative role of epigenetic mechanisms. World Psychiatry, 17(3), 243257. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20568

🙆 Champi Massage & Lymphatics

  1. 1.Kim, I. H., Kim, T. Y., & Ko, Y. W. (2016). The effect of a scalp massage on stress hormones, blood pressure, and heart rate of healthy female subjects. Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 28(10), 27032707. https://doi.org/10.1589/jpts.28.2703
  2. 2.Miyazaki, Y., Ikei, H., & Song, C. (2014). Forest medicine research in Japan. Nihon Eiseigaku Zasshi, 69(2), 122135.

💤 Sleep & Glymphatic System

  1. 1.Xie, L., Kang, H., Xu, Q., Chen, M. J., Liao, Y., Thiyagarajan, M., O'Donnell, J., Christensen, D. J., Nicholson, C., Iliff, J. J., Takano, T., Deane, R., & Nedergaard, M. (2013). Sleep drives metabolite clearance from the adult brain. Science, 342(6156), 373377. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1241224
  2. 2.Iliff, J. J., Wang, M., Liao, Y., Plogg, B. A., Peng, W., Gundersen, G. A., Benveniste, H., Vates, G. E., Deane, R., Goldman, S. A., Nagelhus, E. A., & Nedergaard, M. (2012). A paravascular pathway facilitates CSF flow through the brain parenchyma and the clearance of interstitial solutes, including amyloid β. Science Translational Medicine, 4(147), 147ra111. https://doi.org/10.1126/scitranslmed.3003748

🌿 Nutrition & GutImmune Axis

  1. 1.Belkaid, Y., & Hand, T. W. (2014). Role of the microbiota in immunity and inflammation. Cell, 157(1), 121141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2014.03.011
  2. 2.Cryan, J. F., O'Riordan, K. J., Cowan, C. S. M., Sandhu, K. V., Bastiaanssen, T. F. S., Boehme, M., Codagnone, M. G., Cussotto, S., Fulling, C., Golubeva, A. V., Guzzetta, K. E., Jaggar, M., Long-Smith, C. M., Lyte, J. M., Martin, J. A., Molinero-Perez, A., Moloney, G., Morelli, E., Morillas, E., … Dinan, T. G. (2019). The microbiotagutbrain axis. Physiological Reviews, 99(4), 18772013. https://doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00018.2018
  3. 3.Hewlings, S. J., & Kalman, D. S. (2017). Curcumin: A review of its effects on human health. Foods, 6(10), 92. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods6100092

🥛 Banbídh Diet & Ancestral Nutrition

  1. 1.Lucas, A. T. (1960). Irish food before the potato. Gwerin: A Journal of Folk Life, 3(2), 843.
  2. 2.McGee, H. (2004). On Food and Cooking: The Science and Lore of the Kitchen. Scribner.
  3. 3.Walter, J. (2026). Non-industrialized Microbiome Restore (NiMe) diet intervention drives reductions in C-reactive protein and restores historical taxonomic diversity. Cell, 191(4), 812829. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2026.01.022
  4. 4.Wastyk, H. C., Fragiadakis, G. K., Perelman, D., Topf, M., & Gardner, C. D. (2021). Gut-microbiota-targeted diets modulate human immune status. Cell, 184(15), 41374153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2021.06.019
  5. 5.Bourrie, B. C. T., Willing, B. P., & Cotter, P. D. (2016). The microbiota and health promoting characteristics of the fermented beverage kefir. Frontiers in Microbiology, 7, Article 647. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2016.00647
  6. 6.Balatskyi, V. A. (2025). Kefir enhances stress resilience and mitigates PTSD-related behavioral and hematological changes in mice. Frontiers in Physiology, 16, Article 1682807. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2025.1682807
  7. 7.Bester, A. (2026). Real-world fermented foods and their impact on gut and brain health: A multi-arm intervention study in healthy adults. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202601.0406.v1
  8. 8.Boyaci, M. G. (2025). Impact of kefir on the gutbrain axis: Serotonin metabolism and signaling in pediatric rats. Microorganisms, 13(11), Article 2536. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13112536
  9. 9.Randeni, N., & Xu, B. (2025). Critical review of the cross-links between dietary components, the gut microbiome, and depression. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 26(2), Article 614. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26020614
  10. 10.Calder, P. C. (2013). Omega-3 fatty acids and inflammatory processes: From molecules to man. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 75(3), 645662. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2125.2012.04374.x
  11. 11.Del Bo', C., Martini, D., Vendrame, S., Riso, P., & Porrini, M. (2019). Improvement of oxidative stress and inflammatory markers by berry polyphenols. Food & Function, 10(4), 19191943. https://doi.org/10.1039/C8FO02293A
  12. 12.Chrubasik, J. E., Roufogalis, B. D., Wagner, H., & Chrubasik, S. (2007). A comprehensive review on the stinging nettle effect and efficacy profiles. Phytomedicine, 14(78), 568579. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2007.03.014
  13. 13.Bogdanov, S., Jurendic, T., Sieber, R., & Gallmann, P. (2008). Honey for nutrition and health: A review. Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 27(6), 677689. https://doi.org/10.1080/07315724.2008.10719745
  14. 14.Lopez, H. W., Leenhardt, F., Coudray, C., & Remesy, C. (2001). Minerals and phytic acid interactions: Is it a real problem for human nutrition? International Journal of Food Science & Technology, 36(5), 481494. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2621.2001.00473.x
  15. 15.Whitehead, A., Beck, E. J., Tosh, S., & Wolever, T. M. (2014). Cholesterol-lowering effects of oat β-glucan: A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 100(6), 14131421. https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.114.086108

📋 N-of-1 Methodology

  1. 1.Lillie, E. O., Patay, B., Diamant, J., Issell, B., Topol, E. J., & Schork, N. J. (2011). The n-of-1 clinical trial: The ultimate strategy for individualizing medicine? Personalised Medicine, 8(2), 161173. https://doi.org/10.2217/pme.11.7
  2. 2.Mirza, R. D., Punja, S., Vohra, S., & Guyatt, G. (2017). The history and development of N-of-1 trials. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, 110(1), 1624. https://doi.org/10.1177/0141076816681121

All references are cited in accordance with APA 7th Edition formatting standards. This platform is an N-of-1 observational study and does not constitute medical advice.